Reticulite: Vesicular Volcanic Rock

Reticulite is a volcanic rock characterized by a high content by volume of bubbles of volcanic gas that gives as a crosslinked foam.

Reticulite is a type of pumice that is extremely vesicular, meaning it has a lot of tiny holes or bubbles. It is formed when basaltic lava, which is a type of lava that is low in silica, is erupted from a volcano. The lava is shot into the air at high velocity, and as it cools, the gas bubbles within it expand and form the tiny holes that characterize reticulite.

Reticulite is a valuable tool for geologists, as it can be used to determine the age of volcanic rocks. The size and shape of the bubbles in reticulite can be used to estimate the temperature and pressure at which the rock was formed. Reticulite can also be used to identify the source of volcanic rocks, as different volcanoes produce reticulite with different characteristics.

Reticulitis is formed when the lava is abruptly cooled, solidifying so rapidly that it does not allow the release of the gases contained in the bubbles after being ejected by a powerful lava source.  The resulting material is a very fragile volcanic glass, in which the numerous rapidly expanding bubbles in the still-fluid lava interlock and fuse, creating the characteristic lattice structure of this rock.

Reticulite from Kīlauea volcano,  Hawaii. Left Image credit: James St. John, right image credit: Causeway Minerals

Although it is sometimes considered a form of basaltic pumice stone , unlike true pumice stone, and despite its lightness, reticulite does not float on the surface of the water due to its open bubble structure with walls much thicker than walls Of the microscopic or sub-microscopic bubbles that predominate in pumice. With a porosity that can reach 98%, reticulitis is the least dense rock known on Earth.

It is so delicate it can be crushed between one's fingers, and it can't be expected to last long in most geological environments.

A delicate framework of golden reticulite, also known as thread lace scoria. Credit: Causeway Minerals

Reticulite from Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii. Credit: Causeway Minerals

Reticulite Pumice. Credit: Causeway Minerals